Dictionary of descriptive and metaphoric terminology (full text)

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 Editor: Harald Kittler

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Description This chapter provides a dictionary of descriptive and metaphoric terminology
Author(s) Harald Kittler · Ralph P. Braun
Responsible author Harald Kittler → send e-mail
Status unknown
Status update June 28, 2019
Status by Ralph P. Braun


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[1]

Lines[edit]

Descriptive terminology Metaphoric terminology Significance†
LINES
lines reticular pigment network melanocytic lesions dermatofibroma solar lentigo
lines reticular and thick broadened network melanoma
lines reticular and thin delicate network melanocytic nevi
lines reticular and thick or reticular lines that vary in color atypical pigment network melanoma
lines reticular white melanoma Spitz nevus dermatofibroma
lines reticular hypopigmented around brown clods negative pigment network (former synonyms: inverse network reticular depigmentation) melanoma Spitz nevus
lines white perpendicular* shiny white streaks (former synonyms: chrysalis chrysalids crystalline) melanoma BCC Spitz nevus dermatofibroma
lines branched branched streaks melanocytic lesion
lines radial (always at periphery) streaks Reed nevus melanoma recurrent nevus
lines radial and segmental radial streaming melanoma recurrent nevi
lines radial connected to a common base leaf like areas (sometimes variously shaped large clods have also been termed leaf like areas) BCC
lines radial converging to a central dot or clod spoke wheel area (sometimes a clod within a clod has also been termed spoke-wheel area/concentric structure) BCC
lines curved and thick cerebriform pattern (former synonyms: “brain-like appearance”) to describe the pattern and fissures and ridges (former synonyms “gyry and sulci” and “fat fingers”) to describe the structural components of the pattern SK
lines brown curved parallel thin fingerprinting solar lentigo
lines curved and thick in combination with clods crypts SK
lines parallel short crossing ridges (volar skin) fibrillar pattern acral nevi
lines parallel thick on the ridges (volar skin) parallel ridge pattern acral melanoma
lines parallel thin in the furrows and crossing the ridges (volar skin) lattice-like pattern acral nevi
lines parallel thin in the furrows (volar skin) parallel furrows pattern acral nevi
lines angulated or polygonal (facial skin) rhomboids lentigo maligna
lines angulated or polygonal (non-facial skin) angulated lines/polygons/zig-zag pattern lentiginous melanomas (non-facial non-acral)


Clods[edit]

Descriptive terminology Metaphoric terminology Significance†
CLODS
clods small round or oval globules various diagnoses
clods brown circumferential rim of brown globules growing nevi
clods brown yellow or orange (rarely black) comedo-like openings SK
clods brown or blue concentric (clod within a clod) concentric globules BCC
clods brown or skin colored large and polygonal cobblestone pattern dermal nevi
clods blue large clustered blue-gray ovoid nests BCC
clods blue small blue globules BCC
clod within a clod (concentric clods) variant of spoke wheel area BCC
clods white shiny* shiny white blotches and strands BCC
clods pink and small milky red globules melanoma
clods red or purple red lacunes hemangioma


Dots[edit]

Descriptive terminology Metaphoric terminology Significance†
DOTS
dots any color granularity or granules various diagnoses
dots gray peppering Melanoma LPLK
dots gray and circles gray annular-granular pattern lentigo maligna
dots or clods white clustered or disseminated milia like cysts cloudy or starry SK
dots white four arranged in a square* rosettes various diagnoses but mainly AK SCC actinic damaged skin
dots peripheral arranged in lines linear dots pigmented Bowen disease
dots brown central (in the center of hypopigmented spaces between reticular lines) targetoid dots congenital nevi


Circles[edit]

Descriptive terminology Metaphoric terminology Significance†
CIRCLES
circles white SCC
circles concentric circle within a circle lentigo maligna
circles incomplete asymmetric pigmented follicular openings lentigo maligna


Pseudopods[edit]

Descriptive terminology Metaphoric terminology Significance†
PSEUDOPODS
pseudopods circumferential or lines radial circumferential starburst pattern Reed nevus

Structureless[edit]

Descriptive terminology Metaphoric terminology Significance†
STRUCTURELESS
structureless zone brown or black blotch If centric hypermelanotic Clark (“dysplastic”) nevus if eccentric melanoma
structureless zone blue blue-whitish veil melanoma
structureless zone pink milky red areas melanoma
structureless zone white scar-like depigmentation melanoma
structureless zone white central central white patch dermatofibroma
structureless zone polychromatic rainbow pattern various diagnoses
structureless red interrupted by follicular openings strawberry pattern actinic keratosis
structureless brown (tan) eccentric melanoma
structureless any color homogenous pattern various diagnoses
structureless brown interrupted by follicular openings (facial-skin) pseudo-network facial pigmented lesions


other[edit]

Descriptive terminology Metaphoric terminology Significance†
other
sharply demarcated scalloped border moth eaten border solar lentigo

* only visible by polarized dermoscopy † significance varies depending on context

Abbreviations used: BCC basal cell carcinoma; SK seborrheic keratosis; SCC squamous cell carcinoma; LPLK lichen planus-like keratosis: AK actinic keratosis



References

  1. ↑ Kittler et al.: Standardization of terminology in dermoscopy/dermatoscopy: Results of the third consensus conference of the International Society of Dermoscopy. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2016;74:1093-106. PMID: 26896294. DOI.


This glossary term has not yet been described.

streaks

This glossary term has not yet been described.

Terminology using descriptive terms

This glossary term has not yet been described.

Metaphoric term: pigment network melanocytic lesions dermatofibroma solar lentigo

Grid-like pattern consisting of interconnecting pigmented lines surrounding hypopigmented holes.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

Dermatofibromas are hard solitary slow-growing papules (rounded bumps) that may appear in a variety of colours, usually brownish to tan; they are often elevated or pedunculated. A dermatofibroma is associated with the dimple sign; by applying lateral pressure, there is a central depression of the dermatofibroma.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

broadened network melanoma

widening of the network lines

This glossary term has not yet been described.

delicate network melanocytic nevi

light brown, thin network lines

This glossary term has not yet been described.

atypical pigment network melanoma

Network with increased variability in the color, thickness, and spacing of the lines of the network; asymmetrically distributed; gray color

melanoma Spitz nevus dermatofibroma

This glossary term has not yet been described.

negative pigment network (former synonyms: inverse network reticular depigmentation) melanoma Spitz nevus

lines reticular hypopigmented around brown clods

This glossary term has not yet been described.

shiny white streaks (former synonyms: chrysalis chrysalids crystalline) melanoma BCC Spitz nevus dermatofibroma

lines radial (always at periphery) streaks Reed nevus melanoma recurrent nevus

Abbreviation for Basal Cell Carcinoma

branched streaks melanocytic lesion

Broadened or widened network with broken lines and incomplete connections

streaks

This glossary term has not yet been described.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

radial streaming melanoma recurrent nevi

Radial linear extensions at the lesion edge

leaf like areas (sometimes variously shaped large clods have also been termed leaf like areas) BCC

lines, radial, connected to a common base BCC

spoke wheel area (sometimes a clod within a clod has also been termed spoke-wheel area/concentric structure) BCC

Well-circumscribed radial projections, usually light brown but sometimes blue or gray in color meeting at a central darker clod that has a dark brown, black or blue color.

cerebriform pattern (former synonyms: “brain-like appearance”) to describe the pattern and fissures and ridges (former synonyms “gyry and sulci” and “fat fingers”) to describe the structural components of the pattern SK

lines, curved and thick to describe the pattern and fissures and ridges (former synonyms “gyry and sulci” and “fat fingers”) to describe the structural components of the pattern SK

lines, curved and thick to describe the structural components of the pattern SK

they are linear and wide dermoscopic structures corresponding to ridges. They often appear as short sausage-shaped structures. Colors of these structures vary from tan/brown, blue and can be hypopigmented.

fingerprinting solar lentigo

lines brown curved parallel thin

crypts SK

Keratin filled invaginations that are larger than comedo- like openings Moth eaten border Border with concave or sharp punched-out invaginations

fibrillar pattern acral nevi

Linear pigmented filamentous lines of similar length with one end at the furrows and oriented at a certain angle to the furrows and crossing the ridges

parallel ridge pattern acral melanoma

Volar pigmentation forming lines, parallel, diffuse and irregular, along the ridges or cristae superficiales (raised portion of the dermatoglyphics)

This glossary term has not yet been described.

lattice-like pattern acral nevi

Volar pigmentation forming thin lines, parallel on the furrow or sulci superficialis (invaginations in dermatoglyphics) and crossing perpendicular on the ridges

parallel furrows pattern acral nevi

lines parallel thin in the furrows (volar skin)

rhomboids lentigo maligna

Gray-brown angulated lines forming a polygonal shape around adnexal ostial openings.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

angulated lines/polygons/zig-zag pattern lentiginous melanomas (non-facial non-acral)

Syn: polygons, zig-zag pattern Gray-brown lines that are connected at an angle or coalescing to form polygons

lines angulated or polygonal (non-facial skin)

lines angulated or polygonal (non-facial skin)

Pertaining to peripheral body parts, especially hands, feet, fingers, and toes.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

globules various diagnoses

This glossary term has not yet been described.

rim of brown globules growing nevi

Globules distributed at the periphery of lesion

This glossary term has not yet been described.

comedo-like openings SK

concentric globules BCC

clods brown or blue concentric (clod within a clod)

cobblestone pattern dermal nevi

clods brown or skin colored large and polygonal

This glossary term has not yet been described.

blue-gray ovoid nests BCC

clods blue large clustered

blue globules BCC

clods blue small

variant of spoke wheel area BCC

clod within a clod (concentric clods)

shiny white blotches and strands BCC

White structures in the form of circles, oval structures, or large structureless areas that are bright-white longer and less well defined lines oriented parallel or distributed haphazardly, or forming blotches (shiny white clods). Seen only under polarized dermoscopy.

milky red globules melanoma

This glossary term has not yet been described.

red lacunes hemangioma

clods red or purple

This glossary term has not yet been described.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

Dots are small, round structures of less than 0.1 mm in diameter that have a red color when corresponding to blood vessels; however, when due to melanin, their color ranges from black, brown, to blue-gray depending on the depth and concentration of the melanin in the skin (Tyndall effect).

granularity or granules

This glossary term has not yet been described.

peppering Melanoma, LPLK

Gray dots

This glossary term has not yet been described.

Lichen planus like keratosis

annular-granular pattern lentigo maligna

dots gray and circles gray

milia like cysts, cloudy or starry SK

dots or clods white clustered or disseminated

rosettes. Significant for various diagnoses but mainly AK, SCC, actinic damaged skin

Four bright white dots or clods arranged together as a square (or a four leaf clover)

This glossary term has not yet been described.

Squamous cell carcinoma

This glossary term has not yet been described.

linear dots. Significant for pigmented Bowen disease

dots peripheral arranged in lines linear dots pigmented Bowen disease

also known as squamous cell carcinoma in situ[1] is a neoplastic skin disease. It can be considered as an early stage or intraepidermal form of squamous cell carcinoma. It was named after John T. Bowen

This glossary term has not yet been described.

targetoid dots congenital nevi

dots brown central (in the center of hypopigmented spaces between reticular lines)

is a type of melanocytic nevus (or mole) found in infants at birth. This type of birthmark occurs in an estimated 1% of infants worldwide; it is located in the area of the head and neck 15% of the time.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

SCC

circle within a circle lentigo maligna

circles concentric

asymmetric pigmented follicular openings lentigo maligna

Pigment associated with adnexal opening that does not uniformly surround the entire opening or curved (or crescent shaped) pigment lines partially surrounding adnexal openings

Bulbous and often kinked projections seen at the lesion edge, either directly associated with a network or solid tumor border.

starburst pattern Reed nevus

This pattern consists of peripheral globules, pseudopods or streaks (or a combination of them), located around the entire perimeter of the lesion

This glossary term has not yet been described.

blotch If centric hypermelanotic Clark (“dysplastic”) nevus if eccentric melanoma

Dark structureless areas

blue-whitish veil melanoma

milky red areas melanoma

Milky-white appearance or pinkish structureless areas ("strawberry and ice cream"-like), consisting a red vascular blush with no specific distinguishable vessels

scar-like depigmentation melanoma

Area of white that is whiter than surrounding normal skin (true scarring). It should not be confused with hypo- or depigmentation due to simple loss of melanin. Shiny white structures and blood vessels are not seen in areas of regression.

central white patch dermatofibroma

Central white structureless area

rainbow pattern various diagnoses

Circumscribed structureless areas displaying colors of the whole spectrum of visible light

strawberry pattern actinic keratosis

Reddish pseudo-network (erythema and wavy fine vessels) around hair follicle openings which are accentuated with a white halo appearance

Actinic keratosis (also called solar keratosis and senile keratosis; abbreviated as AK) is a pre-cancerous patch of thick, scaly, or crusty skin.

melanoma

homogenous pattern various diagnoses

structureless any color

pseudo-network facial pigmented lesions

structureless brown interrupted by follicular openings (facial-skin)

This glossary term has not yet been described.

moth eaten border solar lentigo

Border with concave or sharp punched-out invaginations

The examination of [skin lesions] with a 'dermatoscope'. This traditionally consists of a magnifier (typically x10), a non-polarised light source, a transparent plate and a liquid medium between the instrument and the skin, and allows inspection of skin lesions unobstructed by skin surface reflections. Modern dermatoscopes dispense with the use of liquid medium and instead use polarised light to cancel out skin surface reflections.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

is the most common skin cancer, and one of the most common cancers in the United States.[1] While BCC has a very low metastatic risk, this tumor can cause significant disfigurement by invading surrounding tissues

This glossary term has not yet been described.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

This glossary term has not yet been described.

This is material contained in a footnote or bibliography holding further information.

The examination of [skin lesions] with a 'dermatoscope'. This traditionally consists of a magnifier (typically x10), a non-polarised light source, a transparent plate and a liquid medium between the instrument and the skin, and allows inspection of skin lesions unobstructed by skin surface reflections. Modern dermatoscopes dispense with the use of liquid medium and instead use polarised light to cancel out skin surface reflections.

The examination of [skin lesions] with a 'dermatoscope'. This traditionally consists of a magnifier (typically x10), a non-polarised light source, a transparent plate and a liquid medium between the instrument and the skin, and allows inspection of skin lesions unobstructed by skin surface reflections. Modern dermatoscopes dispense with the use of liquid medium and instead use polarised light to cancel out skin surface reflections.

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